The Bangladesh Journal of Cardiovascular Intervention (BJCI) is committed to maintaining the accuracy, integrity, and reliability of the scholarly record. When errors or ethical concerns are identified in published articles, the journal will take appropriate action to correct the literature in a transparent and timely manner. The journal follows the recommendations and guidance of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) in handling corrections, retractions, and other post-publication updates.

Corrections

A correction may be published when an article contains errors that do not invalidate the overall findings or conclusions but require clarification or amendment.

Examples include:

• Errors in author names or affiliations.
• Minor errors in figures, tables, or references.
• Typographical or formatting errors that affect understanding.
• Errors in supplementary information.
• Other factual inaccuracies that do not compromise the scientific validity of the study.

Corrections will be published promptly, linked to the original article, and clearly identified to ensure transparency.

Retractions

A retraction may be issued when there is clear evidence that the findings or conclusions of a published article are unreliable due to misconduct or significant error.

Reasons for retraction may include, but are not limited to:

• Plagiarism.
• Data fabrication or falsification.
• Duplicate or redundant publication.
• Serious methodological or analytical errors.
• Unethical research involving human participants or animals.
• Undisclosed conflicts of interest that significantly affect the integrity of the work.
• Copyright infringement or other forms of publication misconduct.

Retraction notices will clearly state the reason for the retraction and will remain permanently linked to the original article. The original article will remain part of the scholarly record but will be clearly marked as Retracted.

Expressions of Concern

Where an investigation is ongoing and conclusive evidence is not yet available, the journal may publish an Expression of Concern to alert readers to potential issues affecting the reliability or integrity of a published article.

An Expression of Concern may be replaced by a correction or retraction once the investigation has been completed.

Editorial Process

Allegations requiring correction or retraction will be assessed by the Editorial Office and the Editor-in-Chief. Authors will be given an opportunity to respond to the concerns, and additional information may be requested where necessary.

The journal will investigate all cases fairly, confidentially, and in accordance with COPE recommendations. Where appropriate, the journal may consult reviewers, editorial board members, authors' institutions, or funding agencies during the investigation.

Post-Publication Integrity

All corrections, retractions, and expressions of concern will be:

• Freely accessible to readers.
• Permanently linked to the original article.
• Clearly identified and dated.
• Indexed to ensure transparency and preservation of the scholarly record.

The journal will not remove published articles except in exceptional circumstances permitted by law or when required to protect legal rights or public safety.

Commitment to Publication Integrity

The Bangladesh Journal of Cardiovascular Intervention (BJCI) is committed to preserving the integrity of the scientific literature by correcting the scholarly record whenever necessary. The journal follows the COPE Core Practices and international publication ethics standards to ensure that corrections, retractions, and other post-publication updates are handled fairly, transparently, and responsibly, thereby maintaining the trust of authors, reviewers, readers, and the wider scientific community.